Lack of compression and rebound control with bottoming out is almost always symptomatic of a bag that has either failed or a shock that either failed or is not receiving signal to set itself at the right dampening level.
A mechanically failed shock is easy to diagnose. They’ll be shock oil on the body. A bag is no different - the PSI won’t hold steady or within limits.
If it is an electronic failure, they’ll be able diagnosis by running a scan and probably running the suspension through a dynamic test mode - almost every car with a dynamic suspension and airbags has one baked into the dealer level diagnostic and accessible via the factory technical diagnostic controls.
I have seen this done on Mercedes with air suspensions. It’s quite cool to watch in person. The car dances around on its wheels as each of the corners inflates / deflates, then laterally and diagonally.
Honestly the diagnosis should not take more than half a day.
Had my 2017 XC90 with air suspension for a few months now. Cold snap a few days ago (8 degrees F), got to the car and the rear end never lifted up as usual after start, also a strange pump sound from the rear for 5 or so seconds. Tried a few different drive settings, none of them would adjust the suspension. Also had the suspension lowering icon on the display during the drive. Front suspension was normal. Drove for a bit, would bottom out on big bumps. Shut down, started up a few hours later, all normal again. Sign of things to come... ?
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